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RK Tek Technical Articles

HOW-TO's

Installation instructions and "How-to" guides for RKT Products.

Polaris Piston Myths vs. facts and "Fix  Kits"

Polaris CFI-2 Pistons and how long you should let it "Warm Up" (controversial)

UNIVERSITY PAPER SHOWING SOME OF THE BENEFITS OF THE RK TEK HEAD DESIGN PATENT

WHAT CAUSES A 2 Stroke Engine to COLD SEIZE?

CAN COOLANT TEMP CAUSE A SEIZURE?

ENGINE LOAD AND ITS EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE!

HOW TO TELL IF YOUR NEW PRODUCT IS REALLY PERFORMING?

Is your clutch lying to you?

Does more HP mean more RPMS?

HP to the TRACK?? Is this a MYTH?

How to Read Spark Plugs

CLUTCHING SET-UPS, TESTING, and FUNCTION

 

OILS: 2 Stroke Vs. 4 Stroke Synthetic vs. Non-Synthetic

 

DUAL RING PISTONS VS. SINGLE

DOES YOUR FUEL INJECTED SLED REALLY NEED A FUEL CONTROLLER? ARE THE PRE-PROGRAMMED CONTROLLERS OFFERED REALLY RIGHT FOR YOUR ENGINE?

 

Exposing the Myths of High Octane Fuel and the Definition of Detonation

 

 

Piston Deck Height; how to measure it and its importance in engine design, modification, and combustion chamber design.

Pressure waves in the pipe

Pressure waves /Sound waves and how they react in a pipe

How Elevation changes these?

Why Some Aftermarket  Exhaust Cans can Harm your Engine

 What is really going on inside your engine with the exhaust?

Cranking Compression Vs. Octane Requirements

  TORQUE vs. HORSEPOWER

Flat-Top Pistons vs. Crowned Pistons Views

The REAL Function of the Ring

Ski Doo Rotax Series III Engine Problems and Solutions.

The REAL reason why your engine does not run consistent!

 2 Stroke Engines: Operational Theory -->Does the bigger, higher HP engine require more or less fuel?

Ski- Doo 800 Twin Stock Bore CUSTOM "drop-in" Piston kit 160HP with head .

FUEL/AIR Ratio and how the TORQUE-LINE Head effects Jetting and Fuel mapping

Ski- Doo Twin Big-Bore Kits

ETHANOL: ITS EFFECTS, STORAGE, and TESTING

ADJUSTING FUEL FLOW and HOW YOUR CARB WORKS

 

 

Nov. 2006 RKT 827 Dyno Run at Dyno Tech Research in New York
2004 Rev 827 MXZ
Independent CUSTOMER'S Run--> NOT RK Tek's Personal Engine

Below you will find the dyno results of one of our CUSTOMER'S 2004 827 engine builds. This engine was tested with the 3 different pipes.


1) Stock pipe and Can
2) BikeMan Pipe and Stock Can
3)Decker/Straightline Performance Pipe and Stock Can

This engine was run on 91 octane for 3 repeated 20+ second pulls with each test. You can view the results for yourself.

It is worth noting that an engine that is capable of producing this kind of power will benefit from increased air-flow from the air-box..

The 2004 MXZ 800 is at 138HP in its stock configuration. The RKT 827 is adding 33HP and TONS of Torque to this engine. That is a 23.9% increase in power!! It is all being done on 91 octane pump gas and with the stock pipe and can.

One should also note the VERY broad power-band width of this engine build. With a broad power band, clutching becomes a breeze!!

Fuel/Air ratio and how the Torque-Line head effects jetting

 
 

The Patented Torque-Line Head will add power with stock jetting or fuel mapping.. The added cooling alone will add some power.. But, with stock jetting/mapping I think the power gains will be noticeable but not "blown away" power (except in the cases of some CAT head designs.)

There are also some mis-conceptions as to what is "LEAN" Jetting and as to what is "PROPER" Jetting... The RK Tek head is the only head that will allow you to SAFELY jet down..

 

If an aftermarket head is not allowing for leaner jetting.. then it is NOT adding efficiency.. Now, you can add power without adding efficiency.. but adding power AND adding efficiency at the same time is the better option.. for sure!

OK, back to the topic at hand....Jetting???

Ok, so we have determined that the RK Tek head will add efficiency.. and increased efficiency requires LESS jetting.. NOT to be confused with LEANER jetting.. After-all.. we are dealing with Fuel/Air ratio.. So, let's say the the PROPER F/A ratio for a stock headed engine is 1:12.. If you jet it down you ratio gets LEANER.. say 1:14 or even 1:15... OK.. THIS IS LEAN JETTING!! PROPER is 1:12..

OK, now you add the RK Tek Head... Now with stock jetting your 1:12 F/A suddenly becomes too rich . OK... THIS IS RICH JETTING!!.. Why?? Because the head combusts a higher percentage and therefore; requires less fuel to keep the chamber cool and safe from detonation. So, you have changed the head ONLY and now your F/A ratio is RICH with respect to what your engine NOW requires! You are not at the PROPER ratio anymore.. So, what needs to happen?? Well...you need to get back to PROPER F/A ratio FOR YOUR ENGINE!... So, you need to jet down to get BACK TO to proper F/A ratio which now may be closer to 1:12.5 or even 1:13..


So, are you going lean on the jetting?? NOPE!! You are putting it back to PROPER ratio... So, this is NOT leaner/on the edge jetting.. It is SIMPLY putting everything back to NORMAL ... Now, of course, if you were to jet down with the stock head or some other aftermarket head that did not add efficiency (all of them).. THEN this would be LEAN/ON THE EDGE jetting.. BUT.. you added efficiency with the head.. so you are not going leaner at all... MAKE SENSE!!

So, this idea of the RK Tek Torque-Line Head requiring LEAN jetting to function is a huge mis-conception.. It requires a different F/A  ratio BUT to achieve this new ratio.. a lesser main jet is required... YOU ARE NOT AT LEANER JETTING.. YOU ARE AT PROPER JETTING AND THE SAME F/A RATIO (as far as your engine knows) as STOCK!!

 

OK.. After reading all that, hopefully you understand what COULD be happening inside your engine.. The reality is... the F/A is not really changing..BUT.. the engine is reacting like it has changed... The bottom line is: The Torque-Line Head's patented design is new technology and allows for a leaner F/A ratio and no reliability issues!! This head is that advanced!!


   
This idea that the larger and more powerful the engine the more fuel it needs is not always correct when you consider the other players at work like efficiency and internal flow characteristics (pipe effects and porting arrangement). I can tell you that the more powerful the engine is.. the less restrictive the exhaust outlet needs to be will always be true...

   

ADJUSTING YOUR CARBURETOR

 
Needle richness will have a great effect on fuel mileage.

BUT, having said all that, it will also have a great effect on whether or not you come back under your own power or under the sled pulling yuz power!

There are a few things to consider when "tuning in" a sled's fuel settings. I will try and hit a few key factors that may or may not be so obvious

1) The Main jet effects the mid-range settings and effects it in a big way. I will explain... The jet needle is a tapered rod. This taper is directly related to how much fuel it will let the MAIN JET flow.

Fatter taper = less flow---> thinner taper = more flow..

2) The jet needle, from idle to about 3/4 throttle position, is INSIDE the MAIN JET.. So, the taper is very important in how much flow is coming from the MAIN JET, but so is the throttle position.

3) As you raise the jet needle via throttle opening, the main jet becomes less obstructed/blocked and allows fuel to flow around the jet needle.. This is your part throttle fuel flow control.

Your pilot jet is still a player but the more the throttle opens, the less it is a factor.

4) Since the main jet is a major player in the part throttle fuel flow, one should ALWAYS "dial in" the WOT, main jet, circuitry BEFORE EVER adjusting the jet needle/part throttle circuitry.

 WHY?? Because the main jet effects part throttle fuel flow and the jet needle has little to no effect on WOT fuel flow.

5) Since #4 (above) is not often understood, many tune in the part throttle running , first, and then adjust the WOT , after.. This can lead to ,part throttle, engine failure or a very poor running engine, OR BOTH!

Again, always tune in the WOT circuitry before ever adjusting the part throttle circuitry.

6) When do you know when you have the part throttle circuitry adjusted correctly?

This is a good question and somewhat difficult to answer..

a) If you are looking for MAX fuel mileage then this gets a bit more tricky. Max fuel mileage also means min, or very close to it, fuel flow in the part throttle circuitry. Since the jet needle is tapered and this taper varies with throttle opening, you can get into trouble because you never know ,exactly, what throttle position you are at and the air-flow via air-box, is also a variable and is a major player in the fuel that will flow from your carb. So, be careful when shooting for max fuel mileage.

 My suggestion is to not strive for max fuel mileage and concentrate more on "SAFE" but "RESPONSIVE" part throttle running. I tune in my part throttle as so: If I can get in or out of the throttle at any throttle position and have the engine respond without hesitation, I have my desired setting.

Sometimes, with this desired setting, I will hear a "gurgle" which would lead me to believe that I am over-fueling the engine.. BUT, it is best to ignore this "gurgle"!

 WHY? Because the engine is at the responsiveness level I desire.... I have no hesitation when getting in or out of the throttle! So, the "gurgle" I hear should be ignored since the engine is running as desired.

7) How do I know if I am Lean or Rich ??

a) USUALLY, any lean condition will present itself as a "BOG". So, one should listen for this low droning, bog when adjusting.

b) USUALLY, a rich condition will present itself as a "gurgle" or "sputter" and with this comes a lack of throttle response.


PILOT Circuitry: This circuit is often way over-rated. The pilot circuit is really only a player from idle to about 1/8th throttle opening. If you are having issues above 1/8th throttle, the pilot jet is not a major player.

If you have a high or hanging idle, usually, this points to a pilot jet that is too small.

If you have a very low idle that can not be adjusted via idle screw or air/fuel screw, then this points to a pilot jet that is too large.

Hopefully this clears up a few things.

 

 

FUEL REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL THEORY ON HIGH HP 2 STROKE ENGINES

 
 

General Explanations on 2 Stroke Operation and Fuel Requirements of ANY 2 Stroke Engine

In a 2 stroke engine the REQUIRED amount of F/A needed is dependent and based on MANY different variables.

Without going to extreme details.. I will try and explain a few key points. Keep in mind, I will be para-phrasing and will not touch on every variable just a few key ones.....

      1) A huge player is the combustion efficiency of the engine.. This is a factor that relates to what percentage of the F/A mix is actually converted to work on the crank. You have a combustion chamber that has "X" amount of F/A mix to convert to energy. It will only convert a certain percentage ("Y") effectively and the rest will be wasted via raw fuel out the exhaust or residual mix that will linger around the chamber and never do any useful work. It may perform some cooling functions but nothing more. In fact, it will take up "space" in the chamber and contaminate the intake charge on the next stroke.
This is always the case with a 2 stroke engine.. the "key" is to maximize this efficiency via the combustion process. In other words...increase ("Y"). This is one reason why the RK Tek 827cc kit can make 172HP on the 827 and run LESS main jet than a 140Hp stock engine. Also why the head change alone is worth 4-9 main jet sizes less.
Also one reason, why the RK Tek 827 requires MUCH less main jet than other big bores out there.
So, in short, the combustion efficiency plays a major part in how much fuel (jet) an engine requires. It is not solely based on vacuum from the engine.. Which brings me to the next "factor"

     2) Pipes and crankcase vacuum: When the piston is at BDC, there will be a very strong vacuum pulse at the exhaust port. This pulse is due to the pipe's wave returning from the divergent cone.. The strength of this wave is variant on many things like, angle of the cone, location of the cone with respect to rpms and efficiency (there's that word again) of the exhaust. In any case, the fact remains that there is a strong suction pulse at the exhaust port at BDC and this pulse is a major player in how much pull there exists at the transfer ports and how much, how efficient the pipe effects are at getting the F/A mix out of the transfer ports and into the cylinder where it can be combusted.. So, once again, if the pipe is very effective in its task then there will be more mix to convert to power than there would be if the pipe as not as effective.. Hence the name "tuned pipe" . Crankcase pressure also aid the pipe in this cylinder filling..

    3)Crankcase Pressures: As the piston is travelling up the stroke to TDC, it is leaving behind a negative pressure that places a signal on the needle jet of the carb. How strong this signal is will determine how strong the carb signal is and a stronger signal will pull more F/A mix fromthe carb in a shorter period of time than a weaker signal. A few things that determine this signal's strength are bore size and crankcase volume. Larger bores generally have a stronger vacuum and looser cases lower primary compression and will weaken the signal. Other factors include the stroke of the engine and the size of the carb. Shorter stroke will lessen the time the signal is present at the carb (Time =Distance (stroke) / Rate (rpms) )) So a shorter stroke will allow for less time to pull fuel from the carbs through the reeds. Carb size also plays a role.. A larger carb will have a slower velocity so there will be less time to get F/A mix through the reeds.

    4)Porting arrangement: I'll touch on this briefly.... The porting arrangement of ANY 2 stroke engine will greatly effect all 3 of the things listed above...Having the mix flow to the proper areas (and not to other areas) contributes greatly to how much fuel is required and dictates the internal engine temperatures.  This is another reason why some big bores require less fuel than others.

    This idea that the larger and more powerful the engine the more fuel it needs is not always correct when you consider the other players at work like efficiency and internal flow characteristics (pipe effects and porting arrangement). I can tell you that the more powerful the engine is.. the less restrictive the exhaust outlet needs to be will always be true...

    Ok, enough rambling.... Point being.. Engine displacement and Engine HP are not the "big cheese" in determining how much jet and engine will require. There are many players at work in making this determination... Many more than listed above..

 

 

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If you are ordering cheater heads, we will need to have your OEM heads to make the modifications.  If you have any questions
call us anytime we're here to help.

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